قلم موسوم به فرانسه. در انگلیسی nib و در فرانسه plume گویند که به معنای شاه پر/شهپر هم هست... آورده اند که (البته نه به درستی) اولین نوک قلم فلزی را «جیمز پری» اسکاتلندی اختراع كرد كه Perry /Perry Mason نامیده شد. این قلم را در ایران
«قلم فرانسه» گویند. قلمهای فلزی معمولی شامل یك نوك فلزی است كه بر
بدنهی چوبی یا پلاستیكی و ... سوار میشود. انواع نوكهای قلم فلزی را میتوان بر
این بدنه سوار كرد و با مركب/مداد/جوهر و...، خطوطی متنوع نگاشت. نوك قلم فلزی را از فولاد آب دیده ضد زنگ/آلیاژ
های گوناگون سازند.
Perry & Co., Ltd was
a dip pens manufacturer of England.
The company was the largest in its country of origin, producing a huge range of
models. Perry & Co. also manufactured bicycle chains and accessories.[4]
History[edit]
The
beginning[edit]
Box
and 2301 "Indent Pen" nibs
The
341 model, sold under the brand "Perry-Mason"
From
left to right: Nº 87, 1403, 1402, 1401, 1407, 206 and 124
James
Perry, still a schoolmaster and being dissatisfied with the quality of existing
pens, began making steel pens by hand. The firm was founded in Manchester as
James Perry and Co. in 1824, but later moved to London, where they made and
sold pens and pen-holders, pencils, elastic bands and ink, and dealt in
stationers' supplies.[1] From
1829 all of Perry's pens were made by Josiah Mason, which was considered by the time
as the finest pens manufacturer.[2] The
excellence of their products swiftly raised them to the forefront of the new
industry, exporting pens all over the world. By 1876 when the firm became a
Limited Company, they equalled Esterbrook as being the largest manufacturers of
pen nibs in the world.
Perry
& Co. established[edit]
Sometime
after 1847 James Perry and Co. became "Perry and Co." as the name was
used in an 1866 advert.[1] In
1876 Josiah Mason's steel-pen firm came together with Wiley & Son, pen and
pencil case makers, and James Perry & Co under the title of "Perry
& Co Ltd", acquiring its Birmingham base at Lancaster Street Works.
The firm also began the production of steel chains and accessories for
bicycles.[1]
The
same year the public company was registered on 28 January, to take over the
businesses of Josiah Mason and A. Sommerville and Co, manufacturers of pens of
Birmingham.[1]
By
the late 1890s the company was having financial problems and were bought by
James William Bayliss, part owner of the Bayliss-Thomas car making company.[1]
By
1914 Perry & Co specialized in steel pens and pen holders, cycle chains,
free wheels, hubs, bells and cycle accessories, stationers' sundries, gold
pens, solitaires, studs, sleeve links, tobacconists' and drapers' sundries and
had 2,000 employees.[5]
In
1945 the company transferred its chain making and cycle coaster hub business to
a subsidiary, Perry Chain Co Ltd. The pen business was continued by Perry and
Co (Pens division) Ltd, while Perry and Co (Holdings) Ltd became the main
parent company, with financial control of the whole Perry group.[1]
British
Pens[edit]
In
1920, when Hinks Wells & Co and William Mitchell came together at the
Pedigree Works in Birmingham, founded a new company called "British
Pens", which added Cumberland Pencils in 1921. After World War II staff
from the London Jewel Company joined them and they began to produce ballpoint pens.
In
1961 British Pens acquired the pen businesses of Perry & Co and other
manufacturers like John Mitchell and Joseph Gillott's.
As part of the Twinlock Group its name was changed to "Cumberland
Graphics" in 1975. Byron Head, the Managing Director of William Mitchell
(sinkers) and British Pens bought the two companies from Twinlock in 1982. The
company still makes pens in the West Midlands.[6]
Models[edit]
Perry
& Co. produced a large variety of models for different purposes, most of
them designed to produce fine lines (such as Nº 25 or 341, which is still easy
to find in stores of Argentina). Other models
were also popular by their names, like the "Queen Mary" [7] or
the "Quill Pen" (Nº 230-231-232) [8] Perry
& Co. also produced different giant-sized versions of its N°2301 Indent Pen
model. Those were 5" long (see thumbnail photo).
See also[edit]
·
Dip pen
References[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Perry
& Co..
1.
^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g Perry
& Co. Brief history
2.
^ Jump up to:a b More about the pen trade in Birmingham (Archive,
8 Jul 2011)
3.
^ British
Pens in Grace's Guide
4.
^ The Stock Exchange Year-Book, 1908
6.
^ The manufacturers on The Pen Room
website, 21 Mar 2012 (Archive)
7.
^ Queen Mary pen advertising
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Manufacturing companies established in 1824
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Manufacturing companies based in Birmingham, West
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This page was last edited on 28
December 2023, at 08:03 (UTC).
